Scanning electron microscopy: a direct method of identifying pollen grains on moths (Noctuidae: Lepidoptera)

Abstract

A simple method of using scanning electron microscopy to observe pollen grains in situ on feral moths (Noctuidae) is described. This method does not require freeze drying, critical point drying, or any chemical fixation procedures to prepare the specimens for scanning. Pollen grains were found mainly on the proboscises of the moths and can be identified directly from the scanning electron micrographs, thus expediting the study of moth–plant relations.