Hepatic injury induced by bile salts: Correlation between biochemical and morphological events

Abstract

Continuous intravenous infusion of taurochenodeoxycholate at a rate of 0.4 μmol · min⁻¹ · 100 gm⁻¹ for only 30 min in rats caused threefold to tenfold greater release of proteins (alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase and albumin) into bile in comparison with animals infused with tauroursodeoxycholate at much higher rates (1.8 μmol · min⁻¹ · 100 gm⁻¹) for 2 hr. The simultaneous infusion of tauroursodeoxycholate and taurochenodeoxycholate (0.6 and 0.4 μmol · min⁻¹ · 100 gm⁻¹, respectively) for 2 hr prevented the marked biochemical changes in the bile induced by taurochenodeoxycholate infusion alone. Livers infused with taurochenodeoxycholate for 15 to 60 min exhibited significantly more necrotic hepatocytes, especially in zone 1, in comparison with animals infused with tauroursodeoxycholate or a combination of taurochenodeoxycholate and tauroursodeoxycholate. A good correlation was observed between biochemical and morphological indices of bile acid—induced hepatocyte injury. These data suggest that (a) primary events induced by the acute infusion of toxic bile salts responsible for cholestasis include zone 1 hepatocellular necrosis and (b) this can be prevented by the simultaneous infusion of tauroursodeoxycholate (HEPATOLOGY 1990;12:1216-1221).