A combination of palytoxin with 1-oleoyl-2-acetyl-glycerol (OAG) or insulin or interleukin-1 synergistically stimulates arachidonic acid metabolism, but combinations of 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-type tumor promoters with OAG do not

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Abstract
The combination of palytoxin and 1-oleoyl-2-acetyl-glycerol (OAG) synergistically stimulates production of 6-keto-PGF 1α and PGF 2α by rat liver cells (the C-9 cell line). In contrast, the combination of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-type tumor promoters (TPA, dihydroteleocidin B, aplysiatoxin, phorbol-12,13-didecanoate) and OAG does not. Production of 6-keto-PGF 1α by palytoxin added with recombinant murine interleukin-1 (IL-1) or with insulin is also greater than the sum of the two effects taken independently. Palytoxin and OAG individually stimulate the release of radio-labeled compounds from the rat liver cells pre-labeled with [ 3 H]arachidonic acid and also act synergistically to release labeled metabolites. After separation by h.p.l.c., these materials co-chromatograph with authentic 6-keto-PGF 1α and arachidonic acid. The synergistic stimulation by palytoxin and OAG is biphasic; a rapid synergistic production of 6-keto-PGF 1α or release of radiolabel from [ 3 H]arachidonic acid prelabeled cells is followed, after ∼2 –4 h, by a prolonged synergistic response.