Effects of mannoheptulose and DL-glyceraldehyde on glucose induced insulin release and adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate levels in isolated islets of rat pancreas.

Abstract

The effects of mannoheptulose and DL-glyceraldehyde on glucose-induced insulin release and cyclic[c]AMP levels in islets isolated from rat pancreas were investigated. Mannoheptulose inhibition on glucose-induced insulin release was observed after only 5 min incubation period, indicating an inhibitory effect on the early phase of insulin release. This inhibition on insulin release was accompanied with the simultaneous depression of cAMP levels in islets. By the addition of DL-glyceraldehyde to the medium in which glucose and mannoheptulose were present, depressed cAMP levels in islets were recovered to the control level completely, but the restoration of insulin release in the early phase was not complete. In the absence of glucose, DL-glyceraldehyde did not demonstrate a significant increase of insulin release during 5 min incubation, though a marked stimulation was observed after 30 min incubation. cAMP levels in islets were not affected by DL-glyceraldehyde. When DL-glyceraldehyde was added to the medium with glucose, significant inhibition of glucose-induced insulin release in its early phase was observed without the reduction of cAMP levels in islets. Possibly maintenance of the cAMP levels in islets is a necessary but insufficient condition for glucose-induced insulin release particularly for its early phase. Glucose-induced insulin release seems to depend on both the binding of glucose with glucoreceptor and the supply of some metabolites. Mannoheptulose inhibits both mechanisms. DL-Glyceraldehyde may supply metabolites but competitively inhibit the binding of glucose to the glucoreceptor.