A study of 4,009 patients with clinical cancer seen during the period from 1926 to Jan 1, 1963, reemphasizes the importance of frequent, routine rectal examinations, with biopsy of suspicious areas in the assessment of the patient and early diagnosis. Over 80% of the 4,009 had symptoms of urinary-tract obstruction before the diagnosis was made. Bone-marrow aspiration is very helpful in the assessment of the total situation in the individual patient. From the point of view of therapy, irradiation therapy—particularly interstitial irradiation— when combined with surgery, was very useful in ablating the local lesion. It was associated with a 40% improvement in the five-year survival rate. It is extremely important to particularize the care of each patient and to use the various modalities available for therapy.