SECONDARY SEXUAL CHARACTERS IN THE NORTH AMERICAN SPECIES OF THE GENUS IPS (COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTIDAE)

Abstract
The sexes of all but three of the North American species of Ips DeGeer can be separated reliably using characters on the frons, vertex of the head, protibiae, or declivital armature. In general, these secondary sexual characters are consistent within Hopping’s species groups.