Compact Inexpensive High Resolution Retarding Field Energy Analyzer

Abstract

A compact energy analyzer which has the four‐grid construction as is widely used in LEED—Auger systems was developed to analyze secondary electrons. It is about 4.0 cm diam ×3.5 cm in length, with an entrance aperture of 5.6 mm diam and an angular aperture of about 10°. To get a uniform retarding field, a pair of fringing rings were added at the edge of the first and the second grids. The first and the second grids (gold coated tungsten, 100 mesh) were shaped into a portion of a sphere. The distance between the source of secondary electrons and the first or the second grid was made somewhat longer than their radius of curvature. The energy resolution was studied by adjusting the distance between the grids, and a value of ΔE/E of about 0.09% was attained.