Stability of Ferromagnetism in the Hubbard Model

Abstract

Recently certain Hubbard models with flat lowest bands were proved to exhibit ferromagnetism. Here we study perturbed models with nearly flat bands. We prove that the ferromagnetic state is stable against a single-spin flip for sufficiently large Coulomb interaction $U$, but is unstable for small $U>\mathrm{}0\mathrm{}$. This is the first time that the (local) stability of ferromagnetism is proved in nonsingular Hubbard models, in which we must overcome competition between the kinetic energy and the Coulomb interaction.