Tissue Response to Biphasic Calcium Phosphate Ceramic With Different Ratios of HA/βTCP in Periodontal Osseous Defects

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine the optimal ratio of calcium hydroxyapatite (HA) to beta tricalcium phosphate (βTCP) in a biphasic porous calcium phosphate (BCP) ceramic for effective repair of periodontal osseous defects. Defects were surgically produced in beagle dogs and made chronic for 4 months to simulate periodontal disease. Mucoperiosteal periodontal flaps were reflected, followed by osseous defect debridement and root planing. Specially prepared ceramic with different HA/βTCP ratios were implanted into the prepared defects. The sites were allowed to heal for 6 months, animals were euthanized, and site‐blocks were removed for histological study. During the followup phase, scaling and polishing were done once a month, and standardized probing attachment levels were recorded pre‐ and 6‐months postoperatively. The Duncan's multiple range test showed that all the treatments produced statistically significant higher gain in probing attachment levels than the control group (OHA/OβTCP) (P P < 0.05). Histologically, higher HA ratio (but not 100% HA) showed accelerated new bone formation and new attachment levels. Based on histological results, the 85HA/ 15βTCP ratio appears to demonstrate greater gain in attachment level and bone regeneration in the treatment of periodontal osseous defects. J Periodontol 1992; 63:729–735.