This study has confirmed the occurrence of diploid and tetraploid races in Viola adunca J. E. Smith, in both of which sexual reproduction is normal. Also found to exist is a triploid which is sterile. The tetraploid is distributed widely in western Canada and the two races appear to be virtually allopatric. Differences have been found which permit separation of the races on morphological grounds. Taxonomic recognition of the two chromosome races is recommended but is not included here because necessary information on the type specimen is not available at the present time.