The many faces of neuromuscular disease

Abstract

Changes in the face can mirror numerous diseases of muscles and nerves. Myotonic dystrophy, for example, can cause a flattened expression, ptosis, and temporal balding, and spinal muscular atrophy can cause fasciculations of the tongue and eyelids. The author discusses and illustrates several diseases and the facial alterations they produce and provides a photographic quiz to test the reader's diagnostic skills.