RECONSTITUTION OF COMPLETE ORGANS FROM SINGLE-CELL SUSPENSIONS OF CHICK EMBRYOS IN ADVANCED STAGES OF DIFFERENTIATION

Abstract

Single-cell suspensions prepared from kidney, liver, or skin of 8-to-14-day chick embryos, scrambled, recompacted, transplanted to the chorio-allantoic membrane of 8-day embryos, and examined 9-days later, proved to have been able to give rise to remarkably complete and morphologically well organized organs of the respective kinds, with the various tissue components in their normal mutual relations and functional activity. The results re-emphasize internal "self-organization" as one of the most basic problems in the study of development, in contradistinction to contemporary preoccupation witn external "inductions.".