In 2004, an estimated 1.5 million persons in the United States will be diagnosed with cancer; about 560 000 will die from cancer; and more than 9.5 million will be undergoing curative treatment, coping with progressive disease, or living free of cancer after successful therapy (1). But many of these survivors still feel the aftershocks and downstream side effects arising from diagnosis and treatment, and many are fearful of recurrence. Substantial progress in reducing the suffering and death caused by cancer is being pursued by the National Cancer Institute (NCI) and cancer agencies and organizations worldwide through a variety of initiatives, programs, and projects. At the NCI, these efforts emphasize the joint importance of basic and applied scientific discovery, the development and testing of promising interventions, and the delivery of quality care to prevent, detect, and treat cancer and to improve the length and quality of life of cancer survivors (2).