The anatomical differences in neocortex between man and the other primates are reviewed. It is found that man''s neocortex is roughly three times as great as would be expected for a primate of the same body size. In many respects, man''s neocortex does not differ from that of other primates and, where it does, the difference can be shown to be related to the differences in total size of neocortex. However, there is evidence for the anatomical specialization of the dominant hemisphere in man, suggesting that man''s brain is not simply a larger version of other primate brains.