Rapid Volume Replacement for Hypovolemic Shock

Abstract

Achievement of a very rapid fluid infusion rate may be critical in the resuscitation of the patient in hypovolemic shock. Flow rates of crystalloid and whole blood through various i.v. catheters and tubing systems were studied. The 10-gauge Angiocath and the 8-Fr [french] pulmonary artery introducer catheter provide flow rates equivalent to i.v. tubing (3.2 mm ID [inner diameter]) inserted directly into the vein. Substantially higher flow rates can be achieved with the use of large-bore i.v. tubing (5.0 mm ID) connected to these catheters in place of standard i.v. tubing, allowing the infusion of 1200-1400 ml/min of crystalloid and whole blood into the patient in hypovolemic shock through 1 i.v. catheter. Clinical trials with larger bore i.v. tubing are probably indicated.