Effect of Pneumatic Suction Ring Placement on Intraocular Pressure in Cats

Abstract

Purpose: To determine the effect of placing a pneumatic suction ring on intraocular pressure (IOP) in the cat and to design an improved method to generate a stable elevation of IOP. Methods: A pneumatic suction ring was applied to the eye in cats while the IOP was monitored. Three groups of animals (10 per group) were used. A vacuum pressure of 450 mbar was applied in one step to eyes of group 1 (anesthetized) and to group 2 (euthanized) cats. In group 3 (anesthetized) cats, an initial vacuum pressure of 250 mbar was applied, followed by a vacuum of slowly increasing pressure at a rate of 5 mbar/min for a total of 40 min to 450 mbar. Results: After the one-step application of a vacuum (450 mbar) to the eyes of anesthetized cats (group 1), IOP peaked within the first minute from a basal value of 25 ± 2 mm Hg (mean ± SD) to 90 ± 7 mm Hg. It then rapidly decreased to 69 ± 2 mm Hg 5 min later and continued to decrease to 39 ± 4 mm Hg 40 min later. This sharp peak and decline of IOP were also observed in eyes of euthanized cats (group 2). The basal IOP of these eyes was 8 ± 1 mm Hg. It rose to 18 ± 2 mm Hg immediately after the application of vacuum pressure (450 mbar) and returned to the basal level 5 min later. In contrast, the eyes of group 3 receiving an initial vacuum of 250 mbar followed by a 5 mbar/min vacuum increment exhibited a rapid increase in IOP and a very stable plateau (mean IOP = 62–68 mm Hg), lasting the whole study period (40 min). Conclusion: IOP after a one-step application of a vacuum via a pneumatic suction ring is self-adjusting and declines rapidly over time. This decline in IOP can be overcome by a supplementary increment in vacuum pressure.