Nuclear magnetic resonance investigations of carbonium ion intermediates. Part I. Kinetics and mechanism of formation of the Vilsmeier–Haack reagent

Abstract

The mechanism of formation and the structure of the Vilsmeier reagent (dimethylformamide and POCl₃, SOCl₂, or COCl₂) has been studied by use of kinetic and structural data obtained from ¹H and ³¹P n.m.r. spectroscopy. The rate constants and activation energies are discussed in terms of structural changes and solvent effects.