Trisomy 7 and Sex Chromosome Loss Need Not Be Representative of Tumor Parenchyma Cells in Malignant Glioma

Abstract

We describe the cytogenetic findings in short-term cultures from 40 malignant gliomas, all of which had at least one clone with a simple numerical chromosome aberration. More than one aberrant clone was found in 17 tumors. The most frequent changes were loss of a gonosome (sole aberration in 38 clones), trisomy 7 (sole aberration in four clones), and combinations thereof (the aberrations + 7 and — X or — Y were found together as the only changes in four clones). Clones with solitary trisomies for other autosomes—3, 5, 6, and 18—were seen in five tumors. Clones with structural rearrangements were found in nine tumors. The bands most commonly involved were I p36, 7p22, 9p22, 17p 13, and 19q 13. An extra copy of chromosome 7 was seen as part of a structurally abnormal clone in five tumors. In one case, trisomy 7 and even tetrasomy 7 were found in clones with simple numerical changes, but not in the clone with structural rearrangements. Likewise, the clonal loss of a gonosome was in six tumors, with structural abnormalities not present in the structurally aberrant clones; on the other hand, in two clones with structural aberrations a sex chromosome had been lost. The combined findings indicate that loss of a sex chromosome and trisomy 7 should not be seen as tumor-specific aberrations in gliomas. Instead, both glioma parenchyma cells and nonneoplastic cells in brain tumors may have a propensity to acquire extra copies of chromosome 7 and to lose gonosomes.