Surgery is the most satisfactory method of treatment for most patients with hyperthyroidism. It should be employed, with few exceptions, in patients with nodular goiter with hyperthyroidism. Subtotal thyroidectomy can be carried out with a low operative mortality which has been further lowered to 0.2% by the utilization of the antithyroid drugs in the prepn. of patients for operation.When antithyroid drugs are used in the prepn. of patients for surgery, larger portions of the thyroid gland should be removed than after prepn. with I. Following subtotal thyroidectomy satisfactory results are obtained in 95% of patients.