Vesicoureteral Reflux in Recurrent Carcinoma of the Bladder—Implications for Treatment and Prognosis

Abstract
In an evaluation of the use of topical thiotepa for therapy and prevention of recurrent multiple superficial transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder retrograde cystography was done. Unilateral or bilaterial vesicoureteral reflux was demonstrated in 9 patients studied. Retrospective analysis uncovered 9 additional patients with bladder cancer and reflux. The discovery of vesicoureteral reflux prompted currently unanswerable questions regarding the etiology and pathogenesis of urothelial malignancy, as well as the role of topical chemotherapy in superficial tumors.