A Cold Cathode Soft X-Ray Source

Abstract

A versatile, simple, and inexpensive cold cathode soft x‐ray source has been developed. Discharge characteristics are controlled either with an automatic pressure controller (APC) or a fine metering valve. X‐ray output with an APC controlling the discharge is shown to have a count rate average standard deviation of ±1% or less for the first hour of operation and no greater than 1.5% for longer periods of time. The cold cathode source operates at mechanical pump vacuum which lends itself to windowless operation. The source may be used for x‐ray radiography, luminescence, diffraction, spectroscopy, and as an excitation source for electron spectroscopy.