Cumulative Effects of Amiodarone on Inducibility of Ventricular Tachycardia: Implications for Electrophysiological Testing

Abstract

To determine whether the slow onset of action of amiodarone might result in a delayed effect on the inducibility of sustained ventricular arrhythmias, 45 patients with ischemic heart disease and inducible sustained monomorphic ventricular tachycardia were prospectively studied. Each patient had at least one initial repeat study on amiodarone and those with persistently inducible arrhythmias were rescheduled for further studies over the following 24 weeks. After 2-3 weeks of amiodarone therapy, nine patients no longer had inducible tachycardias, and tachycardia in another eight patients (18%) later became noninducible. Using life-table methods, analysis based on the results of the first re-study showed 18-month recurrence rates of 43% in the inducible vs 17% in the noninducible groups (p = 0.056). When the results of additional testing were then used to reclassify patients, the recurrence rates for these two groups were 50% and 17%, respectively (p = 0.004). Observation of blood pressure and level of consciousness during induced arrhythmias was also predictive of clinical tolerance in patients having recurrences; 16 of 19 patients experienced symptoms of similar severity to those produced during testing. We conclude: (1) early testing of amiodarone may result in misclassification of some patients as remaining inducible; (2) re-testing at a later time more accurately predicts tachycardia recurrence; (3) observation of hemodynamic response also provides important prognostic information.