ELASTIC TISSUE AND SMOOTH-MUSCLE VOLUME IN ELASTIC AND MUSCULAR TYPE ARTERIES IN THE DOG

Abstract

Relative elastic tissue and smooth muscle volumes were determined by a stereological point-counting method in arteries with a progressively diminishing diameter from the aorta towards the periphery. The volume relationship between the smooth muscle cell and its nucleus was determined by the same method. Mean nuclear volume amounted to 6.9% of total smooth muscle cell volume. Relative elastic tissue volume fell from the aorta towards the peripheral arteries, from 22.6% in the ascending aorta to 4-6% in the smallest arteries examined. Relative smooth muscle volume was practically the same and differences between the individual values in the vast majority of arteries examined were non-significant. Total smooth muscle volume, calculated from the volume of the smooth muscle cell nuclei, varied mostly from 45-55%. The ability of small and medium muscular type arteries to change their diameter actively by muscular contraction (against elastic type arteries, in which this ability is less expressed) is facilitated by the organization of the structural components of the arterial wall and by the lower elastic tissue volume, which is compensated for by the volume of the other passive components of the vascular wall, while the relative smooth muscle volume remains the same.