Metabolism of ApoA-I as Lipid-Free Protein or as Component of Discoidal and Spherical Reconstituted HDLs

Abstract

Objective— Apolipoprotein (apo)A-I exists in 3 forms in plasma: as lipid-free apoA-I, as a component of pre–β-migrating discoidal high density lipoproteins (HDLs), and as a component of α-migrating spherical HDLs. This study investigates (1) the in vivo metabolism of apoA-I in each of these forms and (2) the effects of hepatic lipase (HL) on apoA-I metabolism. Methods and Results— Wild-type and HL transgenic rabbits were studied. When lipid-free ¹²⁵I-apoA-I and ¹²⁵I-apoA-I in pre–β-migrating discoidal reconstituted HDLs (rHDLs) were injected into wild-type rabbits, the label rapidly appeared in α-migrating particles and decayed with the same fractional catabolic rate (FCR) as when they were injected as a component of spherical rHDLs. Spherical rHDLs did not change in size when they were injected into wild-type rabbits but were reduced in size in HL transgenic rabbits. The FCR of apoA-I in HL transgenic rabbits was double that in wild-type rabbits. Conclusions— In vivo, (1) lipid-free apoA-I rapidly incorporates into preexisting α-migrating particles, (2) pre–β-migrating discoidal HDLs are rapidly converted into α-migrating HDLs, (3) the FCR of apoA-I is independent of the form in which it is introduced into plasma, and (4) HL reduces the size of α-migrating HDLs and increases the rate of catabolism of apoA-I.