Extraction of Work from a Single Thermal Bath in the Quantum Regime
- 28 August 2000
- journal article
- research article
- Published by American Physical Society (APS) in Physical Review Letters
- Vol. 85 (9), 1799-1802
- https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.85.1799
Abstract
The stationary state of a quantum particle strongly coupled to a quantum thermal bath is known to be non-Gibbsian, due to entanglement with the bath. For harmonic potentials, where the system can be described by effective temperatures, thermodynamic relations are shown to take a generalized Gibbsian form that may violate the Clausius inequality. For the weakly anharmonic case, a Fokker-Planck-type description is constructed. It is shown that then work can be extracted from the bath by cyclic variation of a parameter. These apparent violations of the second law are the consequence of quantum coherence in the presence of the slightly off-equilibrium nature of the bath.Keywords
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