Multiple renal arteries originating from the aortoillac vessels were identified angiographically in 44% of 444 prospective renal donors. Bilateral multiple renal arteries were identified in 12%. With good immunological donor-recipient matching, 17 kidneys with miltiple renal arteries were transplanted with excellent results; therefore presence of multiple renal arteries should not be considered a contraindication to kidney transplantation. A high proportion (17%) of the prospective donors, acceptable by all other means of evaluation, had abnormal angiographic findings that led to reconsideration of their acceptance. In addition to multiple renal arteries, neither renovascular atherosclerosis nor fibromuscular dysplasia proved to be an absolute contraindication to transplantation.