Hysteroscopy has become a standard investigational and therapeutic tool in gynecology. Many office procedures done with the hysteroscope can be performed without analgesia or anesthesia. With the use of the hysteroscope lost IUDs can be identified, and the entire uterine cavity can be inspected easily in a matter of minutes. The special features of the microcolpohysteroscope permit contact hysteroscopy to be performed at the squamocolumnar junction regardless of its location, thus offering advantages over traditional colposcopy. The diagnostic and therapeutic applications of hysteroscopy are many and range from visualizing neoplasia to examining the fetus in utero.