Bonding effects in dilute transition-metal alloys

Abstract

The Mössbauer isomer-shift data of transition-metal nuclei as impurities in metals were considered in previous papers where it was shown that, once volume effects were suitably accounted for, the data fell on a "universal" curve. In this paper, the deviations from universality are examined in more detail in an attempt to better understand the alloying behavior. It is found that atom $A$ as an impurity in metal $B$ does not sustain a shift of the same magnitude as atom $B$ does when it is an impurity in metal $A$. The results are discussed in terms of $d$-band hybridization and of the asymmetry in the solubility behavior in transition-metal-alloy phase diagrams.