Effects of Temperature on Development of Overwintering Pupae of the Apple Maggot, Rhagoletis pomonella (Walsh)

Abstract

The apple maggot overwinters as a pupa within a puparium and develops to this stage in the fall five days after the larva enters the ground. It usually undergoes no visible morphological change until late the following spring or early summer (Dean, 1942). The adult emerges from late June to early September. Some pupae, however, remain dormant in the soil and the adults do not emerge until the second or third summer after pupation (Lathrop, 1955). Also, in some areas, a few adults emerge about two months after pupation (Phipps and Dirks, 193 3).