Detection of mutagenic activity in human urine using mutant strains of salmonella typhimurium
- 1 September 1976
- Vol. 38 (3), 1253-1258
- https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-0142(197609)38:3<1253::aid-cncr2820380327>3.0.co;2-6
Abstract
Histidine‐requiring mutants of Salmonella typhimurium that can be reverted to prototrophy by a variety of mutagens were used to detect mutagenic activity in the urine of patients receiving chemotherapeutic agents. Patients given cyclophosphamide and BCNU had detectable urinary mutagenic activity over a 24‐hour period, with maximal levels occurring 12 to 21 hours after drug injection. Whereas native cyclophosphamide required the presence of a rat liver extract to be mutagenic in the test system, the cyclophosphamide metabolites in the urine were fully active in the absence of added liver extract. Mutagenic activity was detected in only the first voided urine specimen of patients receiving fluorouracil. Patients receiving Adriamycin, methotrexate, Mitomycin C, and low doses of oral melphalan did not have detectable mutagenic activity in their urines. One thousand and ten random urine specimens were screened for mutagenic activity. Only eight had greater than 26 revertant colonies per plate. Four of the eight had received metronidazole (Flagyl) for vaginitis while two others had received chemotherapeutic drugs. We were unable to detect increased mutagenic metabolites in the urine of 43 patients with known malignancies, using the standard assay conditions.This publication has 13 references indexed in Scilit:
- Detection of Mutagenic Activity of Metronidazole and Niridazole in Body Fluids of Humans and MiceScience, 1975
- Detection of carcinogens as mutagens: bacterial tester strains with R factor plasmids.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 1975
- Detection of metabolic carcinogen intermediates in urine of carcinogen-fed rats by means of bacterial mutagenesisNature, 1974
- A Simple Method for the Detection of Mutagens in Urine: Studies with the Carcinogen 2-AcetylaminofluoreneProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 1974
- Carcinogens are Mutagens: A Simple Test System Combining Liver Homogenates for Activation and Bacteria for DetectionProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 1973
- A new method for testing genetically active metabolites Urinary assay with cyclophosphamide (endoxan, cytoxan) and Saccharomyces cerevisiaeMutation Research, 1973
- An Improved Bacterial Test System for the Detection and Classification of Mutagens and CarcinogensProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 1973
- Carcinogens as Frameshift Mutagens: Metabolites and Derivatives of 2-Acetylaminofluorene and Other Aromatic Amine CarcinogensProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 1972
- The Detection of Chemical Mutagens with Enteric BacteriaPublished by Springer Nature ,1971
- The Mutagenicity of Chemical Carcinogens: Correlations, Problems, and InterpretationsPublished by Springer Nature ,1971