Theoretical study of the surface energy and surface relaxation of the W(001) surface

Abstract
The structural properties of the W(001)(1×1) surface are calculated using a fully self-consistent pseudopotential linear combination of atomic orbitals method. The surface energy [3.09 eV/(surface atom)], the top-layer relaxation (5.9%), and the relaxation energy (0.059 eV) we obtained are in good agreement with available experimental data and recent all-electron full-potential linear augmented-plane-wave results. The results demonstrate that the method can treat the structural properties of transition-metal surfaces accurately.