Modelling Changes in Scattering Properties of the Dielectric and Young Snow-Covered Sea Ice at GHz Requencies

Abstract

Observations of the physical properties of the snow cover and underlying young fast ice in Resolute Passage, N.W.T., Canada, were made during the winter of 1982. Detailed measurements of snow density, and ice and snow temperatures, salinities, and brine volumes were made over a period of 46 d, beginning when the ice was 0.4 m thick and about 8 d old. The recorded values are used in a theoretical mixture model to predict the dielectric properties of the snow cover over the microwave frequency range. The results of this analysis are then used to investigate the effects of the snow properties on the radar back-scatter signatures of young sea ice. The results show that back-scatter is a function of the incidence angle and can change significantly over short periods of time during the early evolutionary phase of ice and snow-cover development. This has important consequences for the identification of young ice forms from Synthetic Aperture or Side Looking Airborne Radar images.