Environmental risk assessments for transgenic crops producing output trait enzymes
Open Access
- 19 November 2009
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Springer Nature in Transgenic Research
- Vol. 19 (4), 595-609
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s11248-009-9343-3
Abstract
The environmental risks from cultivating crops producing output trait enzymes can be rigorously assessed by testing conservative risk hypotheses of no harm to endpoints such as the abundance of wildlife, crop yield and the rate of degradation of crop residues in soil. These hypotheses can be tested with data from many sources, including evaluations of the agronomic performance and nutritional quality of the crop made during product development, and information from the scientific literature on the mode-of-action, taxonomic distribution and environmental fate of the enzyme. Few, if any, specific ecotoxicology or environmental fate studies are needed. The effective use of existing data means that regulatory decision-making, to which an environmental risk assessment provides essential information, is not unnecessarily complicated by evaluation of large amounts of new data that provide negligible improvement in the characterization of risk, and that may delay environmental benefits offered by transgenic crops containing output trait enzymes.Keywords
This publication has 74 references indexed in Scilit:
- Problem formulation in the environmental risk assessment for genetically modified plantsTransgenic Research, 2009
- Planning Environmental Risk Assessment for Genetically Modified Crops: Problem Formulation for Stress-Tolerant CropsPlant Physiology, 2008
- US regulatory system for genetically modified [genetically modified organism (GMO), rDNA or transgenic] crop cultivarsPlant Biotechnology Journal, 2007
- Characterization of Roundup Ready Flex Cotton, ‘MON 88913’, for Use in Ecological Risk Assessment: Evaluation of Seed Germination, Vegetative and Reproductive Growth, and Ecological InteractionsCrop Science, 2007
- Environmental risk assessment scheme for plant protection productsEPPO Bulletin, 2003
- Repelling sandhill cranes from corn: whole-kernel experiments with captive birdsCrop Protection, 2001
- Gapped BLAST and PSI-BLAST: a new generation of protein database search programsNucleic Acids Research, 1997
- Abuse of hypothesis testing statistics in ecological risk assessmentHuman and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 1996
- Soil inorganic N availability: Effect on maize residue decompositionSoil Biology and Biochemistry, 1995
- Primary structure of human pancreatic α-amylase gene: its comparison with human salivary α-amylase geneGene, 1987