Attachment-dominated electron-beam-ionized discharges

Abstract
In this letter we derive the stability criterion in discharges where two‐step ionization is dominant. For stable equilibrium the attachment rate has to be greater than or equal to twice the ionization rate. Two‐step ionization is often dominant in discharge‐pumped visible lasers because of the relatively large number of electronically excited states. Analysis of the KrF laser discharge indicates that two‐step ionization is dominant.