Kinetic Study of Soybean β-Amy1ase

Abstract

β-Amylase [EC 3·2·1·2] was prepared from defatted hawk eye soybean flour. The enzyme concentration dependence of the initial velocity for the hydrolytic reaction was investigated at pH 5·4 in the range of the enzyme concentration from 6·6 × 10⁻¹⁰ M to 5·0 × 10⁻⁶ M. It was found that the initial velocity was proportional to the enzyme concentration in this range. The hydrolyses of maltodextrin (DPn=74·4) and soluble starch catalyzed by soybean β-amylase were investigated in the pH range from 3·0 to 9·1 at 25°C, and the Michaelis con stant, K_m, and the maximum velocity, V, for each substrate were determined at each pH. The pH-rate profile showed a bell-shaped curve, and the pH “optimum” was at 5·85. From Dixon plots of V and V/K_m. the pK values were found to be 3·5 and 8·2 for the free enzyme, and 3·5 and 8·5 for the enzyme-substrate complex. The pH-rate profile in the presence of 25% methanol (v/v) was also obtained at alkaline pH. The pK₀. values were the same as those in the absence of methanol. Based on these results, it was estimated that the ionizable acidic group was an amino group and the basic group was a carboxyl one.