Vicarious trial and error and related behavior.
- 1 January 1956
- journal article
- research article
- Published by American Psychological Association (APA) in Psychological Bulletin
- Vol. 53 (1), 35-54
- https://doi.org/10.1037/h0045108
Abstract
Empirical material relating to "vicarious trial-and-error" (VTE) is summarized and evaluated critically in terms of criteria for VTE, of antecedents to and response correlates of VTE, and of VTE and learning efficiency. It is proposed that the criterion for scoring VTE behavior should be the AB unit [S''s "...looking at or facing one side or card and then turning toward and looking at (or facing) the other side or card before making a choice..."]. Doubts are raised concerning the Muenzinger and Tolman VTE and learning efficiency hypothesis and an alternative explanation is advanced, "...based on an analysis of the role of position preferences supplemented by principles of conflict..." 63 ref erences.Keywords
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