Electron Conduction through Surface States of the Si(111)-(7×7) Surface

Abstract
Electronic properties of the Si(111)(7×7) surface are evaluated by scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy (STM/STS) using artificially fabricated insulating trenches. When the surface is surrounded by a closed trench, the effect of the Schottky barrier naturally formed between the surface states and the bulk states is observed by STM. When a half-closed tape-shaped structure surrounded by the trench is fabricated, the current path is dominated by that through surface states. Its conductivity is estimated by measuring the voltage drop along the structure.