PHYSIOLOGY OF EXCRETION AMONG THE ARTHROPODA

Abstract
Excretory organs found among the Onychophora, Tardigrada, Pycnogonida, Xiphosura, Scorpionidea, Ara-neida,Vn-neida, Acarina, Diplopodi, Chilopoda, Crustacea and Hexapoda are Malpighnn tubes, rectal saes, coxal glands, and antennal kidneys Under som conditions spiracles and the whole outer integument may be considered to have an excretory function The excretion of water minerals, nitrogenous wastes, and alkaloids is described. Urination occurs in some genera.