Thermalization effects between upper levels of green fluorescence in Er-doped silica fibers

Abstract
We present a spectroscopic study of the green fluorescence resulting from pump excited-state absorption in Er-doped silica fibers excited in the 800-nm range. The absorption and emission bands are selectively attributed to the 4S3/2 and 2H11/2 levels. The fluorescence response at two excitation wavelengths, the temperature behavior, and lifetime measurements demonstrate a fast thermalization between the 4S3/2 and 2H11/2 levels. This explains an important part of the 2H11/2 emission and the increase of the fluorescence intensity at high temperature.