N−H Activation of Amines and Ammonia by Ru via Metal−Ligand Cooperation

Abstract
A nonoxidative addition pathway for the activation of NH bonds of ammonia and amines by a Ru(II) complex is reported. The pincer complex 1 cleaves N−H bonds via metal−ligand cooperation involving aromatization of the pincer ligand without a change in the formal oxidation state of the metal. Electron-rich N−H bond substrates lead to reversible activation, while electron-poor substrates result in stable activation products. Isotopic labeling studies using ND3 as well as density functional theory calculations were used to shed light on the N−H activation mechanism.