Experimental Evidence from X-Ray Diffraction for Phase Excitations in Solids

Abstract
The existance of phase excitations (phasons) in a solid with charge-density waves is clearly demonstrated in a diffraction experiment. It is found that a phason temperature factor, analogous to the usual Debye-Waller factor for phonons, must be introduced in interpreting diffraction data. At 90 °C, this factor attenuates all first-order satellites by a factor of 4.