TNF-α Promotes an Odontoblastic Phenotype in Dental Pulp Cells
- 30 April 2009
- journal article
- other
- Published by SAGE Publications in Journal of Dental Research
- Vol. 88 (4), 339-344
- https://doi.org/10.1177/0022034509334070
Abstract
Dental pulp cells can differentiate toward an odontoblastic phenotype to produce reparative dentin beneath caries lesions. However, the mechanisms involved in pulp cell differentiation under pro-inflammatory stimuli have not been well-explored. Thus, we hypothesized that the pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) could be a mediator involved in dental pulp cell differentiation toward an odontoblastic phenotype. We observed that TNF-α-challenged pulp cells exhibited increased mineralization and early and increased expression of dentin phosphoprotein (DPP), dentin sialoprotein (DSP), dentin matrix protein-1, and osteocalcin during a phase of reduced matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) expression. We investigated whether these events were related and found that p38, a mitogen-activated protein kinase, differentially regulated MMP-1 and DSP/DPP expression and mediated mineralization upon TNF-α treatment. These findings indicate that TNF-α stimulates differentiation of dental pulp cells toward an odontoblastic phenotype via p38, while negatively regulating MMP-1 expression.Keywords
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