The influence of feedback intensity on longitudinal mode properties and optical noise in index-guided semiconductor lasers

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Abstract
Theory and experiments on optical feedback effects in index-guided single-mode semiconductor lasers are presented. Evidence is found for the existence of a characteristic parameterCwhich indicates the relative strength of the optical feedback. Near the transition (C \approx 1.0) from low to high feedback, the feedback-induced low-frequency intensity noise shows a maximum. At higher feedback hysteresis and instabilities are dominant, whereas the feedback-induced noise is low again.