Accessory cells do not contribute to G‐CSF or IL‐6 production nor to rapid haematological recovery following peripheral blood stem cell transplantation

Abstract

Summary. Haemopoietic recovery is more rapid after peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) transplantation than after autologous bone marrow transplantation, and the aim of this study was to assess the role of the large number of lymphocytes and monocytes (accessory cells) in a PBSC leukapheresis product in this rapid regeneration. Haematological recovery was therefore assessed in 10 PBSC recipients with lymphoma or myeloma in whom monocytes and T cells were depleted by a median of 2.3 and 3.3 logs by CD34⁺ cell selection using the CEPRATE® SC stem cell concentration system and compared with recovery in 59 recipients who received whole PBSC. After allowing for the number of progenitor cells reinfused, there was no significant delay in engraftment induced by accessory cell depletion. Plasma levels of granulocyte‐colony stimulating factor (G‐CSF), granulocyte/monocyte‐colony stimulating factor (GM‐CSF), interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), stem cell factor (SCF) and macrophage‐inhibition factor‐alpha (MIP‐1‐alpha) during the transplant procedure were similar whether or not accessory cells were given. The G‐CSF and IL‐6 levels rose between days 5 and 14 post transplantation to approximately 1 ng/ml and 50pg/ml respectively. This study indicates that accessory cells reinfused with PBSC collections are not responsible for the subsequent cytokine profile or rapid haematological recovery.