Induction characteristics of propofol in children: comparison with thiopentone

Abstract

The induction characteristics of propofol were studied and compared with thiopentone in children aged 3-14 years who received either no premedication or pethidine-atropine or trimeprazine. Anaesthesia was maintained with nitrous oxide in oxygen, and isoflurane. The induction doses of propofol and thiopentone were 2.9 mg/kg and 6.5-7.1 mg/kg respectively; premedication had no significant effect on the induction doses of either agent. Spontaneous movement and hypertonus occurred in about 20% of children with both agents. The use of propofol was associated with a high incidence of pain on injection (injections were mostly in veins on the dorsum of the hand), but this was reduced by mixing lignocaine with propofol. Cardiovascular effects were not clinically significant with either agent. Apnoea occurred in 35% of patients given propofol and in 50% of those given thiopentone. Children anaesthetised with propofol awoke significantly earlier after cessation of all anaesthesia. It is concluded that the use of propofol is safe in children and may have advantages where early recovery from anaesthesia is desirable, but offers no advantage over thiopentone for routine induction of anaesthesia.