Association of the composite IL‐1 genotype with peri‐implantitis: a systematic review

Abstract

Objective: Cytokine gene polymorphisms may modulate the host response to the bacterial challenge and influence susceptibility to peri‐implantitis. Objective: To systematically review the evidence of an association between the interleukin‐1 (IL‐1) composite genotype, i.e. presence of the allele 2 in the gene clusters IL‐1A (−889) and in IL‐1B (+3953), and peri‐implantitis. Material and methods: An electronic search in the National Library of Medicine‐computerized bibliographic database MEDLINE and a manual search were performed. The search was conducted for longitudinal clinical trials comparing progression of peri‐implantitis in IL‐1 genotype positive (carrying allele 2) with IL‐1 genotype negative (not carrying allele 2) subjects. Selection of publications, extraction of data and validity assessment were made independently by two reviewers. Results: The search provided 44 titles of which two longitudinal publications were included. Conclusion: Based on the findings from this study, there is not enough evidence to support or refute an association between the IL‐1 genotype status and peri‐implantitis. Systematic genetic testing for the assessment of the risk of peri‐implantitis cannot be recommended as a standard of care at this time.